Small animal in vivo imaging primarily uses two techniques: bioluminescence and fluorescence. Bioluminescence involves labeling cells or DNA with a luciferase gene, while fluorescence uses fluorescent reporter groups (such as GFP, RFP, Cyt, and dyes) for labeling. By employing highly sensitive optical detection instruments, researchers can directly monitor cellular activities and gene behaviors within living organisms. This system allows the observation of biological processes such as tumor growth and metastasis, the progression of infectious diseases, and the expression of specific genes in living animals.

Application Areas：In vivo bioluminescence imaging technology has irreplaceable advantages in certain fields, such as tumor metastasis research, drug development, gene therapy, and stem cell tracking.